Question # 1 A user submits a help desk ticket stating then account does not authenticate sometimes.
An analyst reviews the following logs for the user:
Which of the following best explains the reason the user's access is being denied? A. incorrectly typed passwordB. Time-based access restrictionsC. Account compromise
D. Invalid user-to-device bindings
Click for Answer
B. Time-based access restrictions
Answer Description Explanation: The logs reviewed for the user indicate that access is being denied due to
time-based access restrictions. These restrictions are commonly implemented to limit
access to systems during specific hours to enhance security. If a user attempts to
authenticate outside of the allowed time window, access will be denied. This measure
helps prevent unauthorized access during non-business hours, reducing the risk of security
incidents.
References:
CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide: Covers various access control methods,
including time-based restrictions, as a means of enhancing security.
NIST Special Publication 800-53, "Security and Privacy Controls for Information
Systems and Organizations": Recommends the use of time-based access
restrictions as part of access control policies.
"Access Control and Identity Management" by Mike Chapple and Aaron French:
Discusses the implementation and benefits of time-based access restrictions.
Question # 2 A security team is responding to malicious activity and needs to determine the scope of
impact the malicious activity appears to affect certain version of an application used by the
organization Which of the following actions best enables the team to determine the scope
of Impact?
A. Performing a port scanB. Inspecting egress network trafficC. Reviewing the asset inventoryD. Analyzing user behavior
Click for Answer
C. Reviewing the asset inventory
Answer Description Explanation: Reviewing the asset inventory allows the security team to identify all
instances of the affected application versions within the organization. By knowing which
systems are running the vulnerable versions, the team can assess the full scope of the
impact, determine which systems might be compromised, and prioritize them for further
investigation and remediation.
Performing a port scan (Option A) might help identify open ports but does not provide
specific information about the application versions. Inspecting egress network traffic
(Option B) and analyzing user behavior (Option D) are important steps in the incident
response process but do not directly identify which versions of the application are affected.
References:
CompTIA Security+ Study Guide
NIST SP 800-61 Rev. 2, "Computer Security Incident Handling Guide"
CIS Controls, "Control 1: Inventory and Control of Hardware Assets" and "Control
2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets"
Question # 3 A systems administrator wants to use existing resources to automate reporting from
disparate security appliances that do not currently communicate. Which of the following is
the best way to meet this objective? A. Configuring an API Integration to aggregate the different data sets B. Combining back-end application storage into a single, relational databaseC. Purchasing and deploying commercial off the shelf aggregation softwareD. Migrating application usage logs to on-premises storage
Click for Answer
A. Configuring an API Integration to aggregate the different data sets
Answer Description Explanation: The best way to automate reporting from disparate security appliances that
do not currently communicate is to configure an API Integration to aggregate the different
data sets. Here's why:
Interoperability: APIs allow different systems to communicate and share data, even
if they were not originally designed to work together. This enables the integration
of various security appliances into a unified reporting system.
Automation: API integrations can automate the process of data collection,
aggregation, and reporting, reducing manual effort and increasing efficiency.
Scalability: APIs provide a scalable solution that can easily be extended to include
additional security appliances or data sources as needed.
Question # 4 A security engineer needs 10 secure the OT environment based on me following
requirements
• Isolate the OT network segment
• Restrict Internet access.
• Apply security updates two workstations
• Provide remote access to third-party vendors
Which of the following design strategies should the engineer implement to best meet these
requirements?
A. Deploy a jump box on the third party network to access the OT environment and provide
updates using a physical delivery method on the workstationsB. Implement a bastion host in the OT network with security tools in place to monitor
access and use a dedicated update server for the workstations.
C. Enable outbound internet access on the OT firewall to any destination IP address and
use the centralized update server for the workstationsD. Create a staging environment on the OT network for the third-party vendor to access
and enable automatic updates on the workstations.
Click for Answer
B. Implement a bastion host in the OT network with security tools in place to monitor
access and use a dedicated update server for the workstations.
Answer Description Explanation:
To secure the Operational Technology (OT) environment based on the given requirements,
the best approach is to implement a bastion host in the OT network. The bastion host
serves as a secure entry point for remote access, allowing third-party vendors to connect
while being monitored by security tools. Using a dedicated update server for workstations
ensures that security updates are applied in a controlled manner without direct internet
access.
References:
CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide: Recommends the use of bastion hosts and
dedicated update servers for securing OT environments.
NIST Special Publication 800-82, "Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
Security": Advises on isolating OT networks and using secure remote access
methods.
"Industrial Network Security" by Eric D. Knapp and Joel Thomas Langill: Discusses
strategies for securing OT networks, including the use of bastion hosts and update
servers.
Question # 5 A security operations engineer needs to prevent inadvertent data disclosure when
encrypted SSDs are reused within an enterprise. Which of the following is the most secure
way to achieve this goal?
A. Executing a script that deletes and overwrites all data on the SSD three times
B. Wiping the SSD through degaussing
C. Securely deleting the encryption keys used by the SSD
D. Writing non-zero, random data to all cells of the SSD A. Executing a script that deletes and overwrites all data on the SSD three timesB. Wiping the SSD through degaussingC. Securely deleting the encryption keys used by the SSDD. Writing non-zero, random data to all cells of the SSD
Click for Answer
C. Securely deleting the encryption keys used by the SSD
Answer Description Explanation:
The most secure way to prevent inadvertent data disclosure when encrypted SSDs are
reused is to securely delete the encryption keys used by the SSD. Without the encryption
keys, the data on the SSD remains encrypted and is effectively unreadable, rendering any
residual data useless. This method is more reliable and efficient than overwriting data
multiple times or using other physical destruction methods.
References:
CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide: Highlights the importance of managing
encryption keys and securely deleting them to protect data.
NIST Special Publication 800-88, "Guidelines for Media Sanitization":
Recommends cryptographic erasure as a secure method for sanitizing encrypted
storage devices
Question # 6 A company detects suspicious activity associated with external connections Security
detection tools are unable to categorize this activity. Which of the following is the best
solution to help the company overcome this challenge? A. Implement an Interactive honeypotB. Map network traffic to known loCs.C. Monitor the dark webD. implement UEBA
Click for Answer
D. implement UEBA
Answer Description Explanation:
User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA) is the best solution to help the company
overcome challenges associated with suspicious activity that cannot be categorized by
traditional detection tools. UEBA uses advanced analytics to establish baselines of normal
behavior for users and entities within the network. It then identifies deviations from these
baselines, which may indicate malicious activity. This approach is particularly effective for
detecting unknown threats and sophisticated attacks that do not match known indicators of
compromise (IoCs).
Reference: CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide, Chapter on Advanced Threat Detection and
Mitigation, Section on User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA).
Question # 7 An organization is looking for gaps in its detection capabilities based on the APTs that may
target the industry Which of the following should the security analyst use to perform threat
modeling? A. ATT&CKB. OWASPC. CAPEC
D. STRIDE
Click for Answer
A. ATT&CK
Answer Description Explanation: The ATT&CK (Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge)
framework is the best tool for a security analyst to use for threat modeling when looking for
gaps in detection capabilities based on Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) that may
target the industry. Here’s why:
Comprehensive Framework: ATT&CK provides a detailed and structured
repository of known adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world
observations. It helps organizations understand how attackers operate and what
techniques they might use.
Gap Analysis: By mapping existing security controls against the ATT&CK matrix,
analysts can identify which tactics and techniques are not adequately covered by
current detection and mitigation measures.
Industry Relevance: The ATT&CK framework is continuously updated with the
latest threat intelligence, making it highly relevant for industries facing APT threats.
It provides insights into specific APT groups and their preferred methods of attack.
Question # 8 A software company deployed a new application based on its internal code repository
Several customers are reporting anti-malware alerts on workstations used to test the
application Which of the following is the most likely cause of the alerts? A. Misconfigured code commitB. Unsecure bundled librariesC. Invalid code signing certificateD. Data leakage
Click for Answer
B. Unsecure bundled libraries
Answer Description Explanation:
The most likely cause of the anti-malware alerts on customer workstations is unsecure
bundled libraries. When developing and deploying new applications, it is common for
developers to use third-party libraries. If these libraries are not properly vetted for security,
they can introduce vulnerabilities or malicious code.
Why Unsecure Bundled Libraries?
Third-Party Risks: Using libraries that are not secure can lead to malware
infections if the libraries contain malicious code or vulnerabilities.
Code Dependencies: Libraries may have dependencies that are not secure,
leading to potential security risks.
Common Issue: This is a frequent issue in software development where libraries
are used for convenience but not properly vetted for security.
Other options, while relevant, are less likely to cause widespread anti-malware alerts:
A. Misconfigured code commit: Could lead to issues but less likely to trigger antimalware alerts.
C. Invalid code signing certificate: Would lead to trust issues but not typically antimalware alerts.
D. Data leakage: Relevant for privacy concerns but not directly related to antimalware alerts.
References:
CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide
"Securing Open Source Libraries," OWASP
"Managing Third-Party Software Security Risks," Gartner Research
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