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CKS Practice Questions

Question # 1
Context:
Cluster: prod
Master node: master1
Worker node: worker1
You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command:
[desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context prod

Task:
Analyse and edit the given Dockerfile (based on the ubuntu:18:04 image)
/home/cert_masters/Dockerfile fixing two instructions present in the file being prominent security/best-practice issues.
Analyse and edit the given manifest file
/home/cert_masters/mydeployment.yaml fixing two fields present in the file being prominent security/best-practice issues.
Note: Don't add or remove configuration settings; only modify the existing configuration settings, so that two configuration settings each are no longer security/best-practice concerns.
Should you need an unprivileged user for any of the tasks, use user nobody with user id 65535
Explanation:
1. For Dockerfile: Fix the image version & user name in Dockerfile2. For mydeployment.yaml : Fix security contexts
Explanation[desk@cli] $ vim /home/cert_masters/Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:latest # Remove this
FROM ubuntu:18.04 # Add this
USER root # Remove this
USER nobody # Add this
RUN apt get install -y lsof=4.72 wget=1.17.1 nginx=4.2
ENV ENVIRONMENT=testing
USER root # Remove this
USER nobody # Add this
CMD ["nginx -d"]


Question # 2
Fix all issues via configuration and restart the affected components to ensure the new setting takes effect.

Fix all of the following violations that were found against the API server:-
a. Ensure that the RotateKubeletServerCertificate argument is set to true.
b. Ensure that the admission control plugin PodSecurityPolicy is set.
c. Ensure that the --kubelet-certificate-authority argument is set as appropriate.

Fix all of the following violations that were found against the Kubelet:-
a. Ensure the --anonymous-auth argument is set to false.
b. Ensure that the --authorization-mode argument is set to Webhook.

Fix all of the following violations that were found against the ETCD:-
a. Ensure that the --auto-tls argument is not set to true
b. Ensure that the --peer-auto-tls argument is not set to true
Hint: Take the use of Tool Kube-Bench
Explanation:
Fix all of the following violations that were found against the API server:-
a. Ensure that the RotateKubeletServerCertificate argument is set to true.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
component: kubelet
tier: control-plane
name: kubelet
namespace: kube-system
spec:
containers:
- command:
- kube-controller-manager
+ - --feature-gates=RotateKubeletServerCertificate=true
image: gcr.io/google_containers/kubelet-amd64:v1.6.0
livenessProbe:
failureThreshold: 8
httpGet:
host: 127.0.0.1
path: /healthz
port: 6443
scheme: HTTPS
initialDelaySeconds: 15
timeoutSeconds: 15
name: kubelet
resources:
requests:
cpu: 250m
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /etc/kubernetes/
name: k8s
readOnly: true
- mountPath: /etc/ssl/certs
name: certs
- mountPath: /etc/pki
name: pki
hostNetwork: true
volumes:
- hostPath:
path: /etc/kubernetes
name: k8s
- hostPath:
path: /etc/ssl/certs
name: certs
- hostPath:
path: /etc/pki
name: pki
b. Ensure that the admission control plugin PodSecurityPolicy is set.
audit: "/bin/ps -ef | grep $apiserverbin | grep -v grep"
tests:
test_items:
- flag: "--enable-admission-plugins"
compare:
op: has
value: "PodSecurityPolicy"
set: true
remediation: |
Follow the documentation and create Pod Security Policy objects as per your environment.
Then, edit the API server pod specification file $apiserverconf
on the master node and set the --enable-admission-plugins parameter to a
value that includes PodSecurityPolicy :
--enable-admission-plugins=...,PodSecurityPolicy,...
Then restart the API Server.
scored: true
c. Ensure that the --kubelet-certificate-authority argument is set as appropriate.
audit: "/bin/ps -ef | grep $apiserverbin | grep -v grep"
tests:
test_items:
- flag: "--kubelet-certificate-authority"
set: true
remediation: |
Follow the Kubernetes documentation and setup the TLS connection between the apiserver and kubelets. Then, edit the API server pod specification file
$apiserverconf on the master node and set the --kubelet-certificate-authority
parameter to the path to the cert file for the certificate authority.
--kubelet-certificate-authority=
scored: true

Fix all of the following violations that were found against the ETCD:-
a. Ensure that the --auto-tls argument is not set to true
Edit the etcd pod specification file $etcdconf on the masternode and either remove the -- auto-tls parameter or set it to false.--auto-tls=false
b. Ensure that the --peer-auto-tls argument is not set to true
Edit the etcd pod specification file $etcdconf on the masternode and either remove the -- peer-auto-tls parameter or set it to false.--peer-auto-tls=false


Question # 3
You must complete this task on the following cluster/nodes: Cluster: immutable-cluster
Master node: master1
Worker node: worker1
You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command:
[desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context immutable-cluster
Context: It is best practice to design containers to be stateless and immutable.
Task:
Inspect Pods running in namespace prod and delete any Pod that is either not stateless or not immutable.
Use the following strict interpretation of stateless and immutable:
1. Pods being able to store data inside containers must be treated as not stateless.
Note: You don't have to worry whether data is actually stored inside containers or not already.
2. Pods being configured to be privileged in any way must be treated as potentially not stateless or not immutable.


Question # 4
Cluster: dev
Master node: master1
Worker node: worker1
You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command:
[desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context dev

Task:
Retrieve the content of the existing secret named adam in the safe namespace.
Store the username field in a file names /home/cert-masters/username.txt, and the password field in a file named /home/cert-masters/password.txt.
1. You must create both files; they don't exist yet.
2. Do not use/modify the created files in the following steps, create new temporary files if needed.
Create a new secret names newsecret in the safe namespace, with the following content:
Username: dbadmin
Password: moresecurepas

Finally, create a new Pod that has access to the secret newsecret via a volume:
Namespace:safe
Pod name:mysecret-pod
Container name:db-container
Image:redis
Volume name:secret-vol
Mount path:/etc/mysecret


Question # 5
On the Cluster worker node, enforce the prepared AppArmor profile
#include
profile nginx-deny flags=(attach_disconnected) {
#include
file,
# Deny all file writes.
deny /** w,
}
EOF'
Edit the prepared manifest file to include the AppArmor profile.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: apparmor-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: apparmor-pod
image: nginx
Finally, apply the manifests files and create the Pod specified on it.
Verify: Try to make a file inside the directory which is restricted.


Question # 6


Question # 7
You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command:
[desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context qa
Context:
A pod fails to run because of an incorrectly specified ServiceAccount
Task:
Create a new service account named backend-qa in an existing namespace qa, which must not have access to any secret.
Edit the frontend pod yaml to use backend-qa service account
Note: You can find the frontend pod yaml at /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml
Explanation:
[desk@cli] $ k create sa backend-qa -n qasa/backend-qa created[desk@cli] $ k get
role,rolebinding -n qaNo resources found in qa namespace.[desk@cli] $ k create role
backend -n qa --resource pods,namespaces,configmaps --verb list# No access to secret
[desk@cli] $ k create rolebinding backend -n qa --role backend --serviceaccount
qa:backend-qa[desk@cli] $ vim /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml
uk.co.certification.simulator.questionpool.PList@120e0660
[desk@cli] $ k apply -f /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yamlpod created
[desk@cli] $ k create sa backend-qa -n qaserviceaccount/backend-qa created[desk@cli]
$ k get role,rolebinding -n qaNo resources found in qa namespace.[desk@cli] $ k create
role backend -n qa --resource pods,namespaces,configmaps --verb
listrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/backend created[desk@cli] $ k create rolebinding backend
-n qa --role backend --serviceaccount qa:backendqarolebinding.
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/backend created[desk@cli] $ vim
/home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: frontend
spec:
serviceAccountName: backend-qa # Add this
image: nginx
name: frontend
[desk@cli] $ k apply -f /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yamlpod/frontend
createdhttps://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account/


Question # 8
Given an existing Pod named nginx-pod running in the namespace test-system, fetch the service-account-name used and put the content in /candidate/KSC00124.txt
Create a new Role named dev-test-role in the namespace test-system, which can perform update operations, on resources of type namespaces.
Create a new RoleBinding named dev-test-role-binding, which binds the newly created Role to the Pod's ServiceAccount ( found in the Nginx pod running in namespace testsystem).


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Linux Foundation CKS Exam Dumps

Exam Name: Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS)
Certification Name: Kubernetes Security Specialist

Linux Foundation CKS exam dumps are created by industry top professionals and after that its also verified by expert team. We are providing you updated Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) exam questions answers. We keep updating our Kubernetes Security Specialist practice test according to real exam. So prepare from our latest questions answers and pass your exam.

  • Total Questions: 48
  • Last Updation Date: 17-Feb-2025

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