Question # 1 A security analyst reviews the following Arachni scan results for a web application that stores PII data: Which of the following should be remediated first?
A. SQL injection B. RFI C. XSS D. Code injection
Click for Answer
A. SQL injection
Answer Description Explanation:
SQL injection should be remediated first, as it is a high-severity vulnerability that can allow an attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands on the database server and access, modify, or delete sensitive data, including PII. According to the Arachni scan results, there are two instances of SQL injection and three instances of blind SQL injection (two timing attacks and one differential analysis) in the web application. These vulnerabilities indicate that the web application does not properly validate or sanitize the user input before passing it to the database server, and thus exposes the database to malicious queries12. SQL injection can have serious consequences for the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data and the system, and can also lead to further attacks, such as privilege escalation, data exfiltration, or remote code execution34. Therefore, SQL injection should be the highest priority for remediation, and the web application should implement input validation, parameterized queries, and least privilege principle to prevent SQL injection attacks5. References: Web application testing with Arachni | Infosec, How do I create a generated scan report for PDF in Arachni Web …, Command line user interface • Arachni/arachni Wiki • GitHub, SQL Injection - OWASP, Blind SQL Injection - OWASP, SQL Injection Attack: What is it, and how to prevent it., SQL Injection Cheat Sheet & Tutorial | Veracode
Question # 2 An organization has experienced a breach of customer transactions. Under the terms of PCI DSS, which of the following groups should the organization report the breach to? A. PCI Security
Standards Council B. Local law enforcement C. Federal law
enforcement D. Card issuer
Click for Answer
D. Card issuer
Answer Description Under the terms of PCI DSS, an organization that has experienced a breach of customer transactions should report the breach to the card issuer. The card issuer is the financial institution that issues the payment cards to the customers and that is responsible for authorizing and processing the transactions. The card issuer may have specific reporting requirements and procedures for the organization to follow in the event of a breach. The organization should also notify other parties that may be affected by the breach, such as customers, law enforcement, or regulators, depending on the nature and scope of the breach. Official References: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/
Question # 3 A security administrator needs to import Pll data records from the production environment to the test environment for testing purposes. Which of the following would best protect data confidentiality? A. Data maskingB. HashingC. WatermarkingD. Encoding
Click for Answer
A. Data masking
Question # 4 A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has determined through lessons learned and an associated after-action report that staff members who use legacy applications do not adequately understand how to differentiate between non-malicious emails and phishing emails. Which of the following should the CISO include in an action plan to remediate this issue? A. Awareness training and educationB. Replacement of legacy applicationsC. Organizational governanceD. Multifactor authentication on all systems
Click for Answer
A. Awareness training and education
Question # 5 An analyst is suddenly unable to enrich data from the firewall. However, the other open intelligence feeds continue to work. Which of the following is the most likely reason the firewall feed stopped working? A. The firewall service account was locked out. B. The firewall was using a paid feed. C. The firewall certificate expired. D. The firewall failed open.
Click for Answer
C. The firewall certificate expired.
Answer Description Explanation:
The firewall certificate expired. If the firewall uses a certificate to authenticate and encrypt the feed, and the certificate expires, the feed will stop working until the certificate is renewed or replaced. This can affect the data enrichment process and the security analysis. References: CompTIA CySA+ Study Guide: Exam CS0-003, 3rd Edition, Chapter 4: Security Operations and Monitoring, page 161.
Question # 6 A cryptocurrency service company is primarily concerned with ensuring the accuracy of the data on one of its systems. A security analyst has been tasked with prioritizing vulnerabilities for remediation for the system. The analyst will use the following CVSSv3.1 impact metrics for prioritization: Which of the following vulnerabilities should be prioritized for remediation?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3D. 4
Click for Answer
B. 2
Answer Description Explanation:
Vulnerability 2 has the highest impact metrics, specifically the highest attack vector (AV) and attack complexity (AC) values. This means that the vulnerability is more likely to be exploited and more difficult to remediate.
References:
CVSS v3.1 Specification Document, section 2.1.1 and 2.1.2
The CVSS v3 Vulnerability Scoring System, section 3.1 and 3.2
Question # 7 A cybersecurity analyst notices unusual network scanning activity coming from a country that the company does not do business with. Which of the following is the best mitigation technique? A. Geoblock the offending source country.B. Block the IP range of the scans at the network firewall.C. Perform a historical trend analysis and look for similar scanning activity.D. Block the specific IP address of the scans at the network firewall.
Click for Answer
A. Geoblock the offending source country.
Answer Description
Question # 8 A SOC analyst recommends adding a layer of defense for all endpoints that will better protect against external threats regardless of the device's operating system. Which of the following best meets this requirement?
A. SIEM B. CASB C. SOAR D. EDR
Click for Answer
D. EDR
Answer Description Explanation:
EDR stands for Endpoint Detection and Response, which is a layer of defense that monitors endpoints for malicious activity and provides automated or manual response capabilities. EDR can protect against external threats regardless of the device’s operating system, as it can detect and respond to attacks based on behavioral analysis and threat intelligence. EDR is also one of the tools that CompTIA CySA+ covers in its exam objectives. Official References:
https://www.comptia.org/certifications/cybersecurity-analyst
https://www.comptia.org/blog/the-new-comptia-cybersecurity-analyst-your-questions-answered
https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/certification/cysa-plus-ia-levels/
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