Question # 1 A cryptocurrency service company is primarily concerned with ensuring the accuracy of the data on one of its systems. A security analyst has been tasked with prioritizing vulnerabilities for remediation for the system. The analyst will use the following CVSSv3.1 impact metrics for prioritization: Which of the following vulnerabilities should be prioritized for remediation?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3D. 4
Click for Answer
B. 2
Answer Description Explanation:
Vulnerability 2 has the highest impact metrics, specifically the highest attack vector (AV) and attack complexity (AC) values. This means that the vulnerability is more likely to be exploited and more difficult to remediate.
References:
CVSS v3.1 Specification Document, section 2.1.1 and 2.1.2
The CVSS v3 Vulnerability Scoring System, section 3.1 and 3.2
Question # 2 Which of the following threat-modeling procedures is in the OWASP Web Security Testing Guide? A. Review Of security requirements B. Compliance checks C. Decomposing the application D. Security by design
Click for Answer
C. Decomposing the application
Answer Description Explanation:
The OWASP Web Security Testing Guide (WSTG) includes a section on threat modeling, which is a structured approach to identify, quantify, and address the security risks associated with an application. The first step in the threat modeling process is decomposing the application, which involves creating use cases, identifying entry points, assets, trust levels, and data flow diagrams for the application. This helps to understand the application and how it interacts with external entities, as well as to identify potential threats and vulnerabilities1. The other options are not part of the OWASP WSTG threat modeling process.
Question # 3 An attacker recently gained unauthorized access to a financial institution's database, which contains confidential information. The attacker exfiltrated a large amount of data before being detected and blocked. A security analyst needs to complete a root cause analysis to determine how the attacker was able to gain access. Which of the following should the
analyst perform first?
A. Document the incident
and any findings related to the attack for future reference. B. Interview employees
responsible for managing the affected systems. C. Review the log files
that record all events related to client applications and user access. D. Identify the immediate actions that need to be taken to contain the incident and minimize
damage.
Click for Answer
C. Review the log files
that record all events related to client applications and user access.
Answer Description In a root cause analysis following unauthorized access, the initial step is usually to review relevant log files. These logs can provide critical information about how and when the attacker gained access. The first step in a root cause analysis after a data breach is typically to review the logs. This helps the analyst understand how the attacker gained access by providing a detailed record of all events, including unauthorized or abnormal activities. Documenting the
incident, interviewing employees, and identifying immediate containment actions are important steps, but they usually follow the initial log review.
Question # 4 An organization has experienced a breach of customer transactions. Under the terms of PCI DSS, which of the following groups should the organization report the breach to? A. PCI Security Standards Council B. Local law enforcement C. Federal law enforcement D. Card issuer
Click for Answer
D. Card issuer
Answer Description Explanation:
Under the terms of PCI DSS, an organization that has experienced a breach of customer transactions should report the breach to the card issuer. The card issuer is the financial institution that issues the payment cards to the customers and that is responsible for authorizing and processing the transactions. The card issuer may have specific reporting requirements and procedures for the organization to follow in the event of a breach. The organization should also notify other parties that may be affected by the breach, such as customers, law enforcement, or regulators, depending on the nature and scope of the breach. Official References: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/
Question # 5 A SOC analyst determined that a significant number of the reported alarms could be closed after removing the duplicates. Which of the following could help the analyst reduce the number of alarms with the least effort?
A. SOAR B. API C. XDR D. REST
Click for Answer
A. SOAR
Answer Description Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR) can help the SOC analyst reduce the number of alarms by automating the process of removing duplicates and managing security alerts more efficiently. SOAR platforms enable security teams to define, prioritize, and standardize response procedures, which helps in reducing the workload and improving the overall efficiency of incident response by handling repetitive and low-level tasks automatically.
Question # 6 Which of the following items should be included in a vulnerability scan report? (Choose two.) A. Lessons learned B. Service-level agreement C. Playbook D. Affected hosts E. Risk score
Click for Answer
D. Affected hosts E. Risk score
Answer Description Explanation:
A vulnerability scan report should include information about the affected hosts, such as their IP addresses, hostnames, operating systems, and services. It should also include a risk score for each vulnerability, which indicates the severity and potential impact of the vulnerability on the host and the organization. Official References: https://www.first.org/cvss/
Question # 7 During a scan of a web server in the perimeter network, a vulnerability was identified that could be exploited over port 3389. The web server is protected by a WAF. Which of the following best represents the change to overall risk associated with this vulnerability? A. The risk would not change because network firewalls are in use.B. The risk would decrease because RDP is blocked by the firewall.C. The risk would decrease because a web application firewall is in place.D. The risk would increase because the host is external facing.
Click for Answer
B. The risk would decrease because RDP is blocked by the firewall.
Question # 8 An analyst receives threat intelligence regarding potential attacks from an actor with seemingly unlimited time and resources. Which of the following best describes the threat actor attributed to the malicious activity? A. Insider threat
B. Ransomware groupC. Nation-stateD. Organized crime
Click for Answer
C. Nation-state
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