Question # 1 You are asked to build redundant gateways in your EVPN-VXLAN environment, but you must conserve address space because these gateways must span across seven PES. What should you implement on the PEs lo satisfy these requirements? A. Use IRB interfaces with the same IP address and different MAC addresses.B. Use IRB interfaces with the same IP and VGA.C. Use IRB interfaces with the same IP and MAC address.D. Use IRB interfaces with different IP addresses and the same VGA.
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C. Use IRB interfaces with the same IP and MAC address.
Answer Description Redundant Gateways in EVPN-VXLAN:
In an EVPN-VXLAN environment, providing redundant gateway functionality typically involves the use of Anycast Gateway. This allows multiple PEs (Provider Edge devices) to use the same IP address and MAC address for the gateway, enabling seamless failover and redundancy without IP conflicts.
Conserving Address Space:
Using the same IP address across multiple PEs conserves address space because only one IP address is needed for the gateway function, regardless of the number of PEs. The shared MAC address ensures that ARP resolution and forwarding behavior are consistent across all the PEs.
Conclusion:
Option C:Correct—Using IRB interfaces with the same IP and MAC address across all PEs satisfies the need for redundancy while conserving address space.
OptionsA, B,andDintroduce unnecessary complexity or do not fully utilize the efficient Anycast Gateway approach, which is best practice for conserving IP space and providing redundancy.
Question # 2 You work in a data center where VMs and hosts are frequently moved. Your design needs to eliminate inefficient traffic flows.
In this scenario, which two solutions will satisfy this requirement? (Choose two.) A. VXLANB. EVPNC. VMTOD. VPLS
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B. EVPNC. VMTO
Question # 3 Which two statements are correct about an IP fabric? (Choose two.) A. All leaf devices can use the same AS number in an IP fabric without making any adjustments to the EBGP configurationB. The multipath multiple-as statement is required to enable ECMP if every device has a different AS number.C. Only a single point to point EBGP session is required between peers in an IP fabric.D. FBGP is only required to route mostrouting information to external devices outside the fabric.
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A. All leaf devices can use the same AS number in an IP fabric without making any adjustments to the EBGP configurationB. The multipath multiple-as statement is required to enable ECMP if every device has a different AS number.
Answer Description Explanation:
BGP in IP Fabric:
In an IP fabric, Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is used to manage the routing between leaf and spine devices. Each device can have the same or different Autonomous System (AS) numbers depending on the network design.
Multipath Multiple-AS:
Option B:If every device in the fabric has a different AS number, then enabling Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) routing requires the multipath multiple-as statement. This configuration allows BGP to consider multiple paths across different AS numbers as equal cost, enabling efficient load balancing across the network.
Same AS Number Configuration:
Option A:It's possible for all leaf devices to use the same AS number in an IP fabric, which simplifies the configuration. EBGP (External BGP) will still function correctly in this setup because BGP considers the peering relationship rather than strictly enforcing different AS numbers in this specific use case.
Conclusion:
Option B:Correct—This statement is essential for enabling ECMP in a multi-AS environment.
Option A:Correct—Leaf devices can share the same AS number without needing special EBGP configuration.
Question # 4 You are deploying a Clos IP fabric with an oversubscription ratio of 3:1.
In this scenario, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.) A. The oversubscription ratio remains the same when you remove spine devices.B. The oversubscription ratio decreases when you add spine devices.C. The oversubscription ratio increases when you remove spine devices.D. The oversubscription ratio remains the same when you add spine devices.
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B. The oversubscription ratio decreases when you add spine devices.C. The oversubscription ratio increases when you remove spine devices.
Answer Description Understanding Oversubscription in a Clos Fabric:
The oversubscription ratio in a Clos IP fabric measures the ratio of the amount of edge (leaf) bandwidth to the core (spine) bandwidth. An oversubscription ratio of 3:1 means that there is three times more edge bandwidth compared to core bandwidth.
Impact of Adding/Removing Spine Devices:
Option C:If youremove spine devices, the total available core bandwidth decreases, while the edge bandwidth remains the same. This results in anincrease in the oversubscription ratiobecause there is now less core bandwidth to handle the same amount of edge traffic.
Option B:Conversely, if youadd spine devices, the total core bandwidth increases. This decreases the oversubscription ratio because more core bandwidth is available to handle the edge traffic.
Conclusion:
Option C:Correct—Removing spine devices increases the oversubscription ratio.
Option B:Correct—Adding spine devices decreases the oversubscription ratio.
Question # 5 You are designing a network for a small data center.
In this scenario, which underlay protocol allows for the simplest implementation? A. OSPFB. IBGPC. EBGPD. MPLS
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A. OSPF
Question # 6 You want to ensure thatVXLAN traffic from the xe-0/0/12 interlace is being encapsulatedby logical vlep.32770 and sent to a remote leaf device in this scenario, which command would you use to verify that traffic is flowing? A. monitor traffic interface xe-0/0/12B. show interface terse vtep.32770C. show interfaces terse vtep.32770 statisticsD. show interfaces vtep.32770 detail
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C. show interfaces terse vtep.32770 statistics
Answer Description VXLAN Traffic Verification:
To ensure VXLAN traffic from the xe-0/0/12 interface is correctly encapsulated by the logical vtep.32770 and sent to a remote leaf device, it is essential to monitor the relevant interface statistics.
The command show interfaces terse vtep.32770 statistics provides a concise overview of the traffic statistics for the specific VTEP interface, which can help verify whether traffic is being correctly encapsulated and transmitted.
Explanation:
This command is particularly useful for quickly checking the traffic counters and identifying any potential issues with VXLAN encapsulation or transmission.
It allows you to confirm that traffic is flowing as expected, by checking the transmitted and received packet counters.
Data Center References:
Monitoring interface statistics is a crucial step in troubleshooting and validating network traffic, particularly in complex overlay environments like EVPN-VXLAN.
Question # 7 Which three statements are correct about symmetric IRB routing with EVPN Type 2 routes? (Choose three.) A. An L3 interface (IRB) is required for each local VLAN.B. Symmetric routing requires MAC-VRF.C. Symmetric routing supports the EVPN service VLAN bundle.D. Symmetric routing requires an extra transit VNI for each VRF.E. Symmetric routing is less efficient than asymmetric routing.
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A. An L3 interface (IRB) is required for each local VLAN.B. Symmetric routing requires MAC-VRF.D. Symmetric routing requires an extra transit VNI for each VRF.
Answer Description Symmetric IRB Routing with EVPN Type 2 Routes:
Symmetric Routing: In symmetric IRB (Integrated Routing and Bridging), routing occurs in both directions at the ingress and egress leaf nodes using the same routing logic. This is contrasted with asymmetric routing, where different routing logic is used depending on the direction of the traffic.
Required Components:
Option A:An L3 IRB interface is necessary for each VLAN that participates in routing, as it handles the Layer 3 processing for the VLAN.
Option B:MAC-VRF is required for symmetric routing to maintain a mapping of MAC addresses to the appropriate VRF, ensuring correct forwarding within the EVPN.
Option D:A transit VNI (Virtual Network Identifier) is required for each VRF to encapsulate the Layer 3 traffic as it traverses the network, allowing the IP traffic to be appropriately forwarded.
Conclusion:
Option A:Correct—Each local VLAN needs an IRB interface for L3 processing.
Option B:Correct—MAC-VRF is necessary for handling MAC address resolution in symmetric routing.
Option D:Correct—Transit VNIs are required for routing VRF-specific traffic across the network.
OptionsCandEare incorrect because:
C:Symmetric routing can work with various VLAN models, including single or multiple VLANs within an EVPN instance.
E:Symmetric routing is generally more efficient than asymmetric routing as it uses consistent routing logic in both directions.
Question # 8 You are adding a server lo a tenant's network within your data center and must limit access to a specific traffic type within the tenant network without pushing all tenant traffic through a firewall.
What will satisfy this requirement? A. Use route leaking with EVPN and a routing policy.B. Use filter-based forwarding.C. Put the new server on a unique subnet within the tenant's network.D. Use a static route in the tenant VRF with a firewall as the next hop for traffic to the new server.
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B. Use filter-based forwarding.
Answer Description Explanation:
Controlling Traffic Within a Tenant's Network:
The requirement is to limit access to specific traffic types within a tenant’s network without routing all tenant traffic through a firewall. This requires a selective method that can direct specific types of traffic to different paths based on the nature of the traffic.
Filter-Based Forwarding (FBF):
FBF is a technique that allows for routing decisions based on filters applied to the traffic, such as matching on source IP addresses, destination IP addresses, or even specific application types (like HTTP or FTP). This allows specific types of traffic to be forwardedto a specific next hop (e.g., a firewall) without affecting the entire traffic flow within the tenant's network.
Conclusion:
Option B:Correct—Filter-based forwarding allows for granular control of traffic, ensuring that only specific types of traffic within the tenant's network are redirected through a firewall, satisfying the requirement.
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