Question # 1 An analyst would like to test how certain Splunk SPL commands work against a small set of data. What command should start the search pipeline if they wanted to create their own data instead of utilizing data contained within Splunk? A. makeresultsB. renameC. evalD. stats
Click for Answer
A. makeresults
Answer Description Explanation:
Themakeresultscommand in Splunk is used to generate a single-row result that can be used to create test data within a search pipeline. This command is particularly useful for testing and experimenting with SPL commands on a small set of synthetic data without relying on existing logs or events in the Splunk index. It is commonly used by analysts who want to test commands or SPL syntax before applying them to real data.
Question # 2 What goal of an Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) group aims to disrupt or damage on behalf of a cause? A. HacktivismB. Cyber espionageC. Financial gainD. Prestige
Click for Answer
A. Hacktivism
Answer Description Explanation:
Hacktivismrefers to the use of hacking techniques by an Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) group to promote a political agenda or social cause. Unlike other motivations such as financial gain or espionage, the primary goal of hacktivism is to disrupt, damage, or deface systems to draw attention to a cause or to protest against something the group opposes.
Hacktivism:
APT groups motivated by hacktivism typically target organizations or entities that they see as adversaries to their cause. The attacks can range from defacing websites to launching Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks to disrupt services.
This form of cyber activity is intended to create awareness or send a message, often aligning with the group's ideological beliefs.
Incorrect Options:
B. Cyber espionage:Focuses on gathering intelligence and sensitive information, often for national or corporate advantage, not necessarily for disruption.
C. Financial gain:Involves attacks aimed at monetary theft, not ideologically driven disruption.
D. Prestige:While some attacks are motivated by the desire for recognition, hacktivism specifically refers to ideological causes.
Cybersecurity Literature:Books and articles on APT motivations often highlight hacktivism as a distinct category with a focus on ideological or political goals.
Question # 3 An analyst is investigating how an attacker successfully performs a brute-force attack to gain a foothold into an organizations systems. In the course of the investigation the analyst determines that the reason no alerts were generated is because the detection searches were configured to run against Windows data only and excluding any Linux data.
This is an example of what? A. A True Positive.B. A True Negative.C. A False Negative.D. A False Positive.
Click for Answer
C. A False Negative.
Answer Description Explanation:
This scenario is an example of aFalse Negativebecause the detection mechanisms failed to generate alerts for a brute-force attack due to a misconfiguration—specifically, the exclusion of Linux data from the detection searches. A False Negative occurs when a security control fails to detect an actual malicious activity that it is supposed to catch, leading to undetected attacks and potential breaches.
Question # 4 While the top command is utilized to find the most common values contained within a field, a Cyber Defense Analyst hunts for anomalies. Which of the following Splunk commands returns the least common values? A. leastB. uncommonC. rareD. base
Click for Answer
C. rare
Answer Description Explanation:
In Splunk, therarecommand is used to return the least common values in a field. This command is particularly useful for anomaly detection, as it helps identify unusual or infrequent occurrences in a dataset, which may indicate potential security issues.
rare Command:
This command works by identifying values that appear infrequently within a specified field. It’s a powerful tool for Cyber Defense Analysts who are looking for anomalies that could signify malicious activities.
Incorrect Options:
A. least:This is not a valid Splunk command.
B. uncommon:This is not a valid Splunk command.
D. base:This is not a relevant command for finding the least common values.
Splunk Command Documentation:rare command usage for identifying uncommon values.
Question # 5 An analyst is examining the logs for a web application’s login form. They see thousands of failed logon attempts using various usernames and passwords. Internet research indicates that these credentials may have been compiled by combining account information from several recent data breaches.
Which type of attack would this be an example of? A. Credential sniffingB. Password crackingC. Password sprayingD. Credential stuffing
Click for Answer
D. Credential stuffing
Answer Description Explanation:
The scenario describes an attack where thousands of failed login attempts are made using various usernames and passwords, which is indicative of aCredential Stuffingattack. This type of attack involves using lists of stolen credentials (usernames and passwords) obtained from previous data breaches to attempt to gain unauthorized access to user accounts. Attackers take advantage of the fact that many users reuse passwords across multiple sites. UnlikePassword Spraying(which tries a few common passwords against many accounts) orPassword Cracking(which tries to guess or decrypt passwords), credential stuffing leverages large datasets of valid credentials obtained from other breaches.
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Question # 6 After discovering some events that were missed in an initial investigation, an analyst determines this is because some events have an empty src field. Instead, the required data is often captured in another field called machine_name.
What SPL could they use to find all relevant events across either field until the field extraction is fixed? A. | eval src = coalesce(src,machine_name)B. | eval src = src + machine_nameC. | eval src = src . machine_nameD. | eval src = tostring(machine_name)
Click for Answer
A. | eval src = coalesce(src,machine_name)
Answer Description Explanation:
Thecoalescefunction in Splunk is used to return the first non-null value from a list of fields. The SPL| eval src = coalesce(src,machine_name)allows the analyst to dynamically populate thesrcfield with the value frommachine_nameifsrcis empty. This is a useful technique when dealing with inconsistent data sources or during field extraction issues, ensuring that the analyst can continue their investigation without missing critical events.
Question # 7 Which of the following use cases is best suited to be a Splunk SOAR Playbook? A. Forming hypothesis for Threat HuntingB. Visualizing complex datasets.C. Creating persistent field extractions.D. Taking containment action on a compromised host
Click for Answer
D. Taking containment action on a compromised host
Answer Description Explanation:
Splunk SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) playbooks are designed to automate security tasks, makingtaking containment action on a compromised hostthe best-suited use case. A SOAR playbook can automate the response actions such as isolating a host, blocking IPs, or disabling accounts, based on predefined criteria. This reduces response time and minimizes the impact of security incidents. The other options, like forming hypotheses for threat hunting or visualizing datasets, are more manual processes and less suited for automation via a playbook.
Question # 8 There are many resources for assisting with SPL and configuration questions. Which of the following resources feature community-sourced answers? A. Splunk AnswersB. Splunk LanternC. Splunk GuidebookD. Splunk Documentation
Click for Answer
A. Splunk Answers
Answer Description Explanation:
Splunk Answersis a community-driven Q&A platform where users can ask questions and share knowledge about Splunk. It is known for providing community-sourced answers to a wide rangeof questions, including SPL (Search Processing Language) queries, configuration issues, and general best practices. Users can contribute by answering questions based on their own experiences, making it a valuable resource for troubleshooting and learning.
B. Splunk Lantern:This is a resource for best practices, how-tos, and use case guides, but it’s not a community-sourced Q&A platform.
C. Splunk Guidebook:This is not a known resource in the context of community-sourced answers.
D. Splunk Documentation:While highly detailed and official, it is not community-sourced but rather maintained by Splunk's own teams.
Splunk Answers Platform:Splunk Answers
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