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ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Practice Questions

Question # 1

Who are allowed to access highly confidential files?
A. Employees with a business need-to-know
B. Contractors with a business need-to-know
C. Employees with signed NDA have a business need-to-know
D. Non-employees designated with approved access and have signed NDA

A. Employees with a business need-to-know

Explanation:

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 8.2.1, the organization shall ensure that access to information and information processing facilities is limited to authorized users based on the access control policy and in accordance with the business requirements of access control2. Therefore, only employees with a business need-to-know are allowed to access highly confidential files, and not contractors, non-employees or employees with signed NDA.

References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) | CQI | IRCA

Question # 2

You are an experienced ISMS audit team leader conducting a third-party surveillance visit. You notice that although the auditee is claiming conformity with ISO/IEC 27001:2022 they are still referring to Improvement as clause 10.2 (as it was in the 2013 edition) when this is now clause 10.1 in the 2022 edition. You have confirmed they are meeting all of the 2022 requirements set out in the standard. Select one option of the action you should take.
A. Note the issue in the audit report
B. Raise a nonconformity against clause 7.5.3 - Control of documented information
C. Raise it as an opportunity for improvement
D. Bring the matter up at the closing meeting

C. Raise it as an opportunity for improvement

Explanation:

The correct action to take in this situation is to raise it as an opportunity for improvement. This is because the auditee is not violating any requirement of the standard, but rather using outdated terminology that does not reflect the current version of the standard. An opportunity for improvement is a suggestion for enhancing the performance or effectiveness of the ISMS1. It is not a nonconformity, which is a failure to fulfil a requirement2. Therefore, option B is incorrect. Option A is also incorrect, because noting the issue in the audit report without raising it as an opportunity for improvement would not provide any value or feedback to the auditee. Option D is also incorrect, because bringing the matter up at the closing meeting without documenting it as an opportunity for improvement would not ensure that the auditee takes any action to address it. References: 1: ISMS Auditing Guideline - ISO27000, page 11; 2: ISO/IEC 27000:2022, 3.28; : ISMS Auditing Guideline - ISO27000; : ISO/IEC 27000:2022

Question # 3

During discussions with the individual(s) managing the audit programme of a certification body, the Management System Representative of the client organisation asks for a specific auditor for the certification audit. Select two of the following options for how the individual(s) managing the audit programme should respond.
A. Advise the Management System Representative that his request can be accepted
B. Suggest that the Management System Representative chooses another certification body
C. State that his request will be considered but may not be taken up
D. Suggest asking the certification body management to permit the request
E. Advise the Management System Representative that the audit team selection is a decision that the audit programme manager needs to make based on the resources available

C. State that his request will be considered but may not be taken up
E. Advise the Management System Representative that the audit team selection is a decision that the audit programme manager needs to make based on the resources available

Explanation:

According to ISO/IEC 17021-1, which specifies the requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems, a certification body should ensure that its auditors are competent, impartial, and independent from the auditee organization2. Therefore, if a Management System Representative of a client organization asks for a specific auditor for the certification audit, the individual(s) managing the audit programme should respond in a way that does not compromise these principles or create any conflict of interest or undue influence2. Two possible ways to respond are to state that his request will be considered but may not be taken up, as there may be other factors that affect the auditor selection process; or to advise him that the audit team selection is a decision that the audit programme manager needs to make based on the resources available, such as auditor availability, competence, location, etc2. The other options are not suitable ways to respond in this situation. For example, advising him that his request can be accepted may raise doubts about the objectivity and credibility of the auditor and the certification body; suggesting that he chooses another certification body may imply that his request is unreasonable or unethical; and suggesting asking the certification body management to permit his request may suggest that there is room for negotiation or manipulation in auditor selection2. References: ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 - Conformity assessment – Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems – Part 1: Requirements

Question # 4

You are carrying out a third-party surveillance audit of a client's ISMS. You are currently in the secure storage area of the data centre where the organisation's customers are able to temporarily locate equipment coming into or going out of the site. The equipment is contained within locked cabinets and each cabinet is allocated to a single, specific client. Out of the corner of your eye you spot movement near the external door of the storage area. This is followed by a loud noise. You ask the guide what is going on. They tell you that recent high rainfall has raised local river levels and caused an infestation of rats. The noise was a specialist pest control stunning device being triggered. You check the device in the corner and find there is a large immobile rat contained within it. What three actions would be appropriate to take next?
A. Take no further action. This is an ISMS audit, not an environmental management system audit
B. Investigate whether pest infestation is an identified risk and if so, what risk treatment is to be applied
C. Determine whether the high levels of rainfall have had other impacts on data centre operations e.g. damage to infrastructure, access issues for clients, invocation of business continuity arrangements
D. Raise a nonconformity against control 7.4 Physical Security monitoring
E. Raise a nonconformity against control 7.2 Physical Entry

B. Investigate whether pest infestation is an identified risk and if so, what risk treatment is to be applied
C. Determine whether the high levels of rainfall have had other impacts on data centre operations e.g. damage to infrastructure, access issues for clients, invocation of business continuity arrangements

Explanation:

The appropriate actions to take next are to investigate whether pest infestation is an identified risk and if so, what risk treatment is to be applied, to determine whether the high levels of rainfall have had other impacts on data centre operations, and to check with the guide that they intend to initiate the organisation’s information security incident process. These actions are relevant to the ISMS audit objectives and criteria, as they relate to the organisation’s risk assessment and treatment, security performance, and incident management processes. The other actions are either not within the scope of the ISMS audit, not required by the ISO/IEC 27001 standard, or not the responsibility of the auditor. References: PECB Candidate Handbook1, page 21-22; ISO/IEC 27001:2022 (en)2, clauses 6.1, 8.2, 9.1, and 10.2.

Question # 5

Scenario 8: EsBank provides banking and financial solutions to the Estonian banking sector since September 2010. The company has a network of 30 branches with over 100 ATMs across the country. Operating in a highly regulated industry, EsBank must comply with many laws and regulations regarding the security and privacy of data. They need to manage information security across their operations by implementing technical and nontechnical controls. EsBank decided to implement an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001 because it provided better security, more risk control, and compliance with key requirements of laws and regulations. Nine months after the successful implementation of the ISMS, EsBank decided to pursue certification of their ISMS by an independent certification body against ISO/IEC 27001 .The certification audit included all of EsBank’s systems, processes, and technologies. The stage 1 and stage 2 audits were conducted jointly and several nonconformities were detected. The first nonconformity was related to EsBank’s labeling of information. The company had an information classification scheme but there was no information labeling procedure. As a result, documents requiring the same level of protection would be labeled differently (sometimes as confidential, other times sensitive). Considering that all the documents were also stored electronically, the nonconformity also impacted media handling. The audit team used sampling and concluded that 50 of 200 removable media stored sensitive information mistakenly classified as confidential. According to the information classification scheme, confidential information is allowed to be stored in removable media, whereas storing sensitive information is strictly prohibited. This marked the other nonconformity. They drafted the nonconformity report and discussed the audit conclusions with EsBank’s representatives, who agreed to submit an action plan for the detected nonconformities within two months. EsBank accepted the audit team leader's proposed solution. They resolved the nonconformities by drafting a procedure for information labeling based on the classification scheme for both physical and electronic formats. The removable media procedure was also updated based on this procedure. Two weeks after the audit completion, EsBank submitted a general action plan. There, they addressed the detected nonconformities and the corrective actions taken, but did not include any details on systems, controls, or operations impacted. The audit team evaluated the action plan and concluded that it would resolve the nonconformities. Yet, EsBank received an unfavorable recommendation for certification. Based on the scenario above, answer the following question: According to scenario 8, the audit team evaluated the action plan and concluded that it would resolve the detected nonconformities. Is this acceptable?
A. Yes. the audit team must evaluate the action plan and verify if it is appropriate for correcting the detected nonconformities
B. Yes, only if EsBank has previously verified the effectiveness of the action plan and informed the audit team that the action plan allows the correction of nonconformities
C. No, the auditee should verify if the action plan allows the correction of nonconformities and elimination of the root causes

A. Yes. the audit team must evaluate the action plan and verify if it is appropriate for correcting the detected nonconformities

Explanation:

Yes, the audit team must evaluate the action plan and verify if it is appropriate for correcting the detected nonconformities. This is part of the auditor's responsibilities to ensure that the proposed actions adequately address the issues identified during the audit.

Question # 6

Which two of the following standards are used as ISMS third-party certification audit criteria?
A. ISO/IEC 27002
B. ISO/IEC 20000-1
C. ISO 19011
D. ISO/IEC 27001
E. Relavent legal, statutory, and regulatory requirements

D. ISO/IEC 27001
E. Relavent legal, statutory, and regulatory requirements

Explanation:

The two standards that are used as ISMS third-party certification audit criteria are ISO/IEC 27001 and relevant legal, statutory, and regulatory requirements. ISO/IEC 27001 specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS)1. Relevant legal, statutory, and regulatory requirements are those that apply to the organization’s information security aspects and objectives2. The other options are either not standards (E) or not directly related to the ISMS certification audit criteria (A, B, C, F). References: 1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Requirements, Clause 1 \n2: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Requirements, Clause 4.2

Question # 7

Which option below is NOT a role of the audit team leader?
A. Preventing and solving conflict during the audit
B. Setting up an ethics committee
C. Preparing and explaining the audit conclusions

B. Setting up an ethics committee

Explanation:

The role of the audit team leader does not include setting up an ethics committee. The primary responsibilities of the audit team leader include planning the audit, directing the activities of the audit team, ensuring compliance with the auditing standards, managing conflicts that arise during the audit, and presenting audit conclusions. References: ISO 19011:2018 Guidelines for auditing management systems

Question # 8

Which two of the following options do not participate in a first-party audit?
A. A certification body auditor
B. An audit team from an accreditation body
C. An auditor certified by CQI and IRCA
D. An auditor from a consultancy organisation
E. An auditor trained in the CQI and IRCA scheme

A. A certification body auditor

B. An audit team from an accreditation body

Explanation:

A first-party audit is an internal audit in which the organization’s own staff or contractors check the conformity and effectiveness of the ISMS. A certification body auditor and an audit team from an accreditation body are external auditors who conduct audits for the purpose of certification or accreditation. They do not participate in a first-party audit, but rather in a third-party audit. References: First & Second Party Audits - operational services, The ISO 27001 Audit Process | Blog | OneTrust, The ISO 27001 Audit Process | A Beginner’s Guide - IAS USA

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Exam Name: PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 2022 Lead Auditor exam
Certification Name: ISO 27001

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