Question # 1 Which two statements about VLAN assignments on FortiSwitch ports are true? (Choose two.) A. Configure a native VLAN on the FortiLinkB. Assign an IP address and subnet mask to FortiSwitch VLANsC. Only assign one native VLAN on a portD. Assign untagged VLANs using FortiGate CLI
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C. Only assign one native VLAN on a portD. Assign untagged VLANs using FortiGate CLI
Answer Description Explanation:
VLAN assignments on FortiSwitch ports must follow certain rules and guidelines to ensure network integrity and proper traffic segregation:
Only Assign One Native VLAN on a Port (C):
Native VLAN Configuration: Each switch port can have only one native VLAN. The native VLAN carries untagged traffic for that port. If the port receives untagged frames, they are assumed to belong to the native VLAN.
Importance of Singular Native VLAN: This is crucial for preventing VLAN hopping attacks and ensures clear and secure VLAN demarcation on each port.
Assign Untagged VLANs Using FortiGate CLI (D):
CLI Configuration: Untagged VLANs, often equivalent to the native VLAN, can be assigned through the FortiGate CLI when managing a FortiSwitch via FortiLink. This allows for central management and configuration of VLANs across connected switches.
Operational Efficiency: Using the CLI ensures that VLAN settings are applied uniformly, reducing the likelihood of misconfigurations that might occur when managing VLANs individually on each switch.
References:
For detailed instructions and best practices on VLAN configuration on FortiSwitch, refer to the FortiSwitch administration guide available on: Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 2 What are two ways in which automatic MAC address quarantine works on FortiSwitch? (Choose two.) A. FortiSwitch supports only by VLAN quarantine mode.B. FortiGate applies the quarantine-related configuration only on FortiGate.C. FortiAnalyzer with a threat detection services license is required.D. MAC address quarantine can be enabled through the FortiGate CLI only.
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B. FortiGate applies the quarantine-related configuration only on FortiGate.D. MAC address quarantine can be enabled through the FortiGate CLI only.
Answer Description Explanation:
Automatic MAC address quarantine is a security feature within the FortiGate/FortiSwitch integration. Here's how it works and why the answers are correct:
The Role of FortiGate: FortiGate is the central decision point for quarantine actions. It identifies suspicious MAC addresses and communicates quarantine instructions to the FortiSwitch. The FortiSwitch doesn't make quarantine decisions on its own.
Quarantine Mechanisms: While the decision is made on FortiGate, FortiSwitch supports two ways to enforce the quarantine:
VLAN Quarantine Mode: In this mode, the FortiSwitch moves the quarantined MAC address into a dedicated quarantine VLAN. This isolates the device.exclamation
Port Quarantine Mode: The FortiSwitch disables the physical port where the quarantined MAC address is detected.
Configuration: Enabling MAC address quarantine involves configuring parameters on the FortiGate, notably via the CLI but also through the GUI depending on your FortiOS version.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect:
A. FortiSwitch supports only by VLAN quarantine mode.This is incorrect. FortiSwitch can use both VLAN-based and port-based quarantine methods.
C. FortiAnalyzer with a threat detection services license is required.FortiAnalyzer can provide deeper analysis and logging, but it's not mandatory for the core functionality of MAC address quarantine.
Question # 3 What are two reasons why time synchronization between FortiGate and its managed FortiSwitch is critical in switch management? (Choose two.) A. FortiSwitch does not retain its time after a reboot, which gets reset after each reboot.B. FortiSwitch will not be able to become an NTP server for downstream devices.C. FortiSwitch cannot complete the DTLS handshake used in the CAPWAP tunnel.D. FortiSwitch will not allow other FortiSwitch devices in the chain be discovered by FortiGate.
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A. FortiSwitch does not retain its time after a reboot, which gets reset after each reboot.C. FortiSwitch cannot complete the DTLS handshake used in the CAPWAP tunnel.
Answer Description Explanation:
Time synchronization between FortiGate and its managed FortiSwitch devices is essential for several reasons:
A. FortiSwitch does not retain its time after a reboot, which gets reset after each reboot.This characteristic of FortiSwitch underlines the importance of time synchronization with FortiGate. Since FortiSwitch loses its time settings upon reboot, synchronizing with FortiGate ensures that its system clock is accurate, which is vital for logging, troubleshooting, and security timestamping.
C. FortiSwitch cannot complete the DTLS handshake used in the CAPWAP tunnel.Accurate time synchronization is crucial for security protocols such as DTLS, which rely on timestamped certificates for establishing a secure connection. If the time on FortiSwitch is not synchronized with FortiGate, the DTLS handshake used in the CAPWAP tunnel for secure communication may fail due to time discrepancies, impacting the management and operation of the switch.
Question # 4 Which is a requirement to enable SNMP v2c on a managed FortiSwitch? A. Create an SNMP user to use for authentication and encryption.B. Specify an SNMP host to send traps to.C. Enable an SNMP v3 to handle traps messages with SNMP hosts.D. Configure SNMP agent and communities.
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D. Configure SNMP agent and communities.
Answer Description Explanation:
To enable SNMP v2c on a managed FortiSwitch, the essential requirement involves configuring the SNMP agent and community strings:
Configure SNMP Agent and Communities (D):
SNMP Agent: Activating the SNMP agent on FortiSwitch allows it to respond to SNMP requests.
Community Strings: SNMP v2c uses community strings for authentication. These strings function as passwords to grant read-only or read-write access to the SNMP data.
Understanding Other Options:
Create an SNMP user (A) is necessary for SNMP v3, not v2c, as it involves user-based authentication and encryption.
Specify an SNMP host (B) is typically a part of SNMP configuration but not a requirement just to enable SNMP.
Enable SNMP v3 (C )is not related to enabling SNMP v2c.
References:
For detailed instructions on configuring SNMP on FortiSwitch, you can refer to the SNMP configuration section in the FortiSwitch administration guide available on:Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 5 In which two ways can you assign a FortiSwitch port to a VDOM using multi-tenancy setup? (Choose two.) A. Switch the FortiLink interface to the target VDOM.B. Remove the managed FortiSwitch and allocate ports directly on FortiSwitch.C. Create a virtual port pool on the FortiGate CLI.D. Assign a port to a VDOM directly on the managed FortiSwitch.
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A. Switch the FortiLink interface to the target VDOM.C. Create a virtual port pool on the FortiGate CLI.
Answer Description Explanation:
In a multi-tenancy setup on FortiGate, you can assign a FortiSwitch port to a VDOM in two primary ways:
Switch the FortiLink Interface to the Target VDOM (A): This method involves configuring the FortiLink interface, which is the dedicated interface used to manage FortiSwitch units from FortiGate, to operate within a specific VDOM. This effectively assigns all ports on the FortiSwitch, managed through that FortiLink interface, to the designated VDOM.
Create a Virtual Port Pool on the FortiGate CLI (C): Virtual port pools are created on FortiGate and allow ports from FortiSwitch to be grouped and assigned to a VDOM. This method is more granular and flexible, as it allows specific ports on the FortiSwitch to be dedicated to different VDOMs without requiring the entire switch or FortiLink interface to be dedicated to a single VDOM.
Question # 6 FortiGate is unable to establish a tunnel with the FortiSwitch device it is supposed to manage Based on the debug output shown in the exhibit, what is the reason for the failure? A. The handshake process timed out before FortiSwitch responded.B. DTLS client hello had the incorrect pre-shared key.C. The CAPWAP tunnel failed to come up due to a mismatch in time.D. FortiSwitch has disabled FortiLink and is only managed as a standalone.
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C. The CAPWAP tunnel failed to come up due to a mismatch in time.
Answer Description Explanation:
The issue described pertains to the establishment of a tunnel (likely a CAPWAP tunnel for management purposes between FortiGate and FortiSwitch). Based on typical error analysis in tunnel setup scenarios:
The CAPWAP tunnel failed to come up due to a mismatch in time (Option C): This answer is plausible because time synchronization is crucial for security protocols that underpin tunnel establishments, such as DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security) used within CAPWAP tunnels. If the clocks on FortiGate and FortiSwitch are significantly out of sync, the security handshake (which can include timestamp validation) could fail, preventing the tunnel from coming up.
Question # 7 Which statement about the quarantine VLAN on FortiSwitch is true? A. Quarantine VLAN has no DHCP serverB. Users who fail 802.1X authentication can be placed on the quarantine VLAN.C. It is only used for quarantined devices if global setting is set to quarantine by VLAN.D. FortiSwitch can block devices without configuring quarantine VLAN to be part of the allowed VLANs.
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B. Users who fail 802.1X authentication can be placed on the quarantine VLAN.
Answer Description Explanation:
The correct statement about the quarantine VLAN on FortiSwitch is:
B. Users who fail 802.1X authentication can be placed on the quarantine VLAN. This feature allows network administrators to isolate devices that do not meet the network’s security criteria as determined through 802.1X authentication. Placing these devices in a quarantine VLAN restricts their network access, thereby protecting the network from potential security threats posed by unauthorized or compromised devices.
Option A is incorrect as the presence of a DHCP server in a quarantine VLAN depends on specific network configurations. Option C is incorrect without more context regarding global settings, and Option D misstates the functionality of quarantine VLANs, as their primary use is to restrict, not block, devices without additional VLAN configuration changes.
Question # 8 To enhance service in emergency situations, to which LLDP-MED Type-Length-Values does Forti-Switch advertise to IP phones? A. Network policyB. Inventory managementC. LocationD. Power management
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C. Location
Answer Description Explanation:
Location (C): FortiSwitch uses LLDP-MED (Link Layer Discovery Protocol - Media Endpoint Discovery) to advertise various attributes to IP phones, among which "Location" is crucial in emergency situations. This information helps emergency responders to determine the physical location of the calling device, which is vital for prompt response in critical situations.
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